Sustainable Industrial Areas

Under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, every industry is required to provide adequate treatment of the effluents generated by it before their disposal, irrespective of whether the disposal is in a stream, on land, into sewerage system or into sea. However, often the small-scale industries (SSIs), due to their limited size and scale of operations do not find it economically viable to install elaborate pollution control equipment. The Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs) are considered a viable treatment solution for collective treatment of effluents, particularly from small and medium scale industries.
CETPs are seen as a solution to overcome the constraints associated with effluent treatment in the individual industries. CETPs could potentially help in achieving treatment of combined wastewater from various industries at lower unit costs and also help facilitate better compliance and monitoring with standards.

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The pilot activities taken up in the textiles industries in Gujarat had positive results. The present document is an effort to put together information on the pilot work undertaken under the IGEP Programme. We hope, the document will be useful for the policy makers, regulators and the industry alike for improving environmental performance in the textiles sector.

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The IGEP Programme, which is implemented jointly by the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) of the Government of India and GIZ, has a thrust area on Sustainable Industrial Development (SID). Under the SID component, “Environment Friendly Techniques in Identified Industry Sectors” is one of the core topics. In India, the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) make up for a very large part of the industrial profile and are often characterised by the use of outdated/inefficient technologies and production processes resulting in pollution problems. The major forms of pollution include air pollution, water pollution, soil contamination, noise pollution, and thermal pollution. For the SMEs, constraints on using modern and environment friendly technologies vary from shortage of capital, limited access to technology, underdeveloped infrastructure, inadequate research and development, and the lack of awareness on the options available to them for pollution prevention and control.

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The objective of the study is to undertake occupational mapping of industrial wastewater treatment in India to detail out the types of jobs for operation and maintenance, their functions and required qualifications, competencies and skills.

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The industry sector plays a very important role in Telangana state’s economy. Telangana has more than 120 Industrial parks, in varied sizes, with Hyderabad being hub of the industrial and business activity. The State has several existing industrial parks housing thousands of industries. These industrial parks, particularly the very old ones, need improvements with cost effective infrastructure to support the industries housed in the industrial parks as well as to deal with negative environmental impacts. The existing industrial parks as well as the new Industrial Parks and Investment Zones have great potential for technological progress.
The main difference between a ‘Green industrial park’ and a conventional industrial area can be understood in terms of a sustainable layout design, facilities for companies and employees, environmental and technological infrastructures and integrated site management. The Site Master Plan is not just a layout plan but has much greater complexity and value. It is a comprehensive document that sets out an overall strategy for development of the industrial estate including various thematic layers, standards and management concepts for operation of Industrial Park.

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Within the context of the Indo-German Environment Partnership (IGEP) programme of the Indo German Development Cooperation, GIZ provided technical support to the Association of Lady Entrepreneurs of Andhra Pradesh (ALEAP) for site master planning of the Green Industrial Park (GRIP) project at Nandigama catering to women entrepreneurs. Several aspects of environment, resource efficiency and gender aspects were integrated into to the planning of the industrial park, besides using the benchmarks set by the German Sustainable Building Council (DGNB). A team of national and international experts with several years of standing experience in applied research and collaboration services were brought together for this task. With the enthusiastic and active cooperation of ALEAP for taking forward this initiative of gender inclusive and environment friendly site master planning, we are sure that the Green Industrial Park would become a new landmark and set an example for other industrial parks in the country and the region.

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The industrial parks and the industrial investment regions in their new form have started assuming
important role in the country’s development. However, if not properly planned, industrial development
has potential to pose tremendous risks on natural resources, environment and people. Proper
planning of the industrial parks and investment zones can result in increased overall competitiveness
and profitability of the residing businesses lower emissions and pollution raised resource and energy
efficiency, and offers an overall healthier working environment that helps in meeting the targeted
investment and employment goals.

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